var googletag = googletag || {}; { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [300, 250] }}, syncDelay: 3000 { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346693' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, "sign-out": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/signout?rid=READER_ID" var pbAdUnits = getPrebidSlots(curResolution); bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776130', position: 'btf' }}, Though fluoride is an important part of any good oral care routine, overconsumption can result in a condition known as fluorosis. enableSendAllBids: false, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot2_flex' }}, pbjsCfg = { bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776140', position: 'atf' }}, userSync: { iasLog("criterion : cdo_l = en"); var mapping_leftslot = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([1063, 0], [[120, 600], [160, 600], [300, 600]]).addSize([963, 0], [[120, 600], [160, 600]]).addSize([0, 0], []).build(); { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654157' }}, var pbHdSlots = [ {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346688' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776156', position: 'atf' }}, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}]}]; ga('set', 'dimension2', "entryex"); }, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot2_flex' }}, Maybe thats why we are the largest Private Dental Practice in Cambridge, caring for 25,000 patients every year. 'min': 3.05, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971066', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [160, 600] }}, },{ { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [160, 600] }}, Studies show that when fluoride is added to water at recommended levels in Ontario and across the country, it is not linked to any adverse health effects. They revealed the clear relation between water fluoride concentration, and therefore fluoride exposure, and prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis and dental caries. in the tricity area of Kitchener-Waterloo-Cambridge in Ontario, the rate of caries in children is 44% in Kitchener (0.1 parts per million [ppm] naturally occurring fluoride), 33% in Cambridge (0.3 ppm naturally occurring fluoride) and 32% in Waterloo (where water has been fluoridated since 1967).7 Even though Kitchener and Cambridge have { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_rightslot' }}]}, 'cap': true {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [320, 50], [300, 50]] } }, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971079', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776156', position: 'atf' }}, "loggedIn": false var pbjs = pbjs || {}; { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [300, 250] }}, googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_t", "medicine"); Fluoride. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, name: "identityLink", Fluoride naturally occurs in the earth, so all water contains tiny amounts. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971079', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, pid: '94' { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971080', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195466', size: [728, 90] }}, Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776160', position: 'atf' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11653860' }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346698' }}, The CDC is highly regarded for their scientific expertise and objectivity, and it is important to us that their position on fluoridation is unequivocal. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776130', position: 'btf' }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '705055' }}, "authorizationTimeout": 10000 { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_300x250' }}, It's useful for babies and children who have growing teeth and helps reduce tooth decay and cavities. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971065', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, The summary of CDC’s views is included in the document: Achievements in Public Health, 1900 to 1999: Fluoridation to Prevent Dental Cavities. Cambridge Water Department intends to keep an open-minded view on any matters of technical competency, and we will pay close attention to competing viewpoints. 'increment': 0.05, googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_pc", "dictionary"); { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11653860' }}, }; However if you want to reduce the amount of scale or furring, find out the steps you can take Our approach is reinforced by the views of other organizations with strong public health and medical credentials that also support fluoridation including: http://www.cambridgepublichealth.org/news/article.php?id=166, World Health Organization (WHO) Fluoride in Drinking Water, http://www.ada.org/en/public-programs/advocating-for-the-public/fluoride-and-fluoridation. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_pt", "entry"); { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English, 0 && stateHdr.searchDesk ? Fluoride is a mineral that exist naturally in soil, water and various foods. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '387232' }}, dfpSlots['leftslot'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/leftslot', [[120, 600], [160, 600]], 'ad_leftslot').defineSizeMapping(mapping_leftslot).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'left').addService(googletag.pubads()); 'max': 3, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446381' }}, const customGranularity = { { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654149' }}, http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/. googletag.cmd.push(function() { You should test your well water for fluoride once a year. googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (!event.isEmpty && event.slot.renderCallback) { event.slot.renderCallback(event); } }); The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the USA told us that fluoride is not defined as hazardous waste, but fluorine —the element it comes from—and some other compounds “may be considered hazardous waste”. dfpSlots['rightslot2'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/rightslot2', [[300, 250], [120, 600], [160, 600]], 'ad_rightslot2').defineSizeMapping(mapping_rightslot2).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'mid').setTargeting('hp', 'right').addService(googletag.pubads()); Looking after the water in your home. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, "sign-up": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/signup?rid=READER_ID", name: "pubCommonId", { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [120, 600] }}, The only way to know if you have fluoride in your well water is to have your well water tested. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [300, 250] }}, 1 The health of teeth has improved in all four countries. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot' }}, But there has been scarcely a murmur of dissent since 1974, when city health officials implemented fluoridation without having to get voter approval. iasLog("exclusion label : resp"); googletag.pubads().setCategoryExclusion('lcp').setCategoryExclusion('resp').setCategoryExclusion('wprod'); { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, if(refreshConfig.enabled == true) Cambridge Water Department has fluoridated at this level for over 20 years Cambridge Water Department is aware that a number of people across the country are raising questions about fluoride in drinking water. Overwhelming evidence from decades of having Community Water Fluoridation is that it is safe. "noPingback": true, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '194852', size: [300, 250] }}, fluoride definition: 1. a chemical substance sometimes added to water or toothpaste (= substance for cleaning teeth) in…. var mapping_rightslot = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([746, 0], [[300, 250]]).addSize([0, 0], []).build(); { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195465', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195465', size: [300, 250] }}, ga('send', 'pageview'); Add fluoride to one of your lists below, or create a new one. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, Example from the Hansard archive. 1980 1985 1990 year 1995 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DMFT key Japan Australia USA Belgium The following statements were made. iasLog("setting page_url: - https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/fluoride"); { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654156' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [160, 600] }}, var mapping_btmslot_a = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([746, 0], [[300, 250], 'fluid']).addSize([0, 0], [[300, 250], [320, 50], [300, 50], 'fluid']).build(); { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot2_flex' }}, In addition, approximately 40% of Canadians receive fluoride in their community water supply. iasLog("criterion : cdo_tc = resp"); "error": true, }, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11653860' }}, {code: 'ad_rightslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_rightslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/rightslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, For questions or concerns related to lead in drinking water, you can email [email protected] var pbMobileLrSlots = [ the USA have fluoride added to their water but Japan and Belgium do not. "sign-in": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/signin?rid=READER_ID", { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346698' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '541042770', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, {code: 'ad_rightslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_rightslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/rightslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, name: "_pubcid", bidderSequence: "fixed" iasLog("criterion : cdo_ei = fluoride"); type: "html5", iasLog("exclusion label : wprod"); iasLog("criterion : cdo_t = medicine"); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_dc", "english"); window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date; 'min': 0, ga('set', 'dimension3', "default"); { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_leftslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346688' }}, {code: 'ad_topslot_b', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_topslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[728, 90]] } }, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_rightslot' }}]}, 'max': 8, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_btmslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_leftslot_160x600' }}, params: { { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [320, 50] }}, The level of naturally-occurring fluoride in the city’s water sources is extremely low. { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654149' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195467', size: [320, 50] }}, expires: 365 }); { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '387232' }}, ga('create', 'UA-31379-3',{cookieDomain:'dictionary.cambridge.org',siteSpeedSampleRate: 10}); { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_leftslot' }}, It is added to public water supplies at a rate of one part per million (ppm). Learn more. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_300x250' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot_flex' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, ... 150 Main Street, Cambridge. name: "pbjs-unifiedid", iasLog("criterion : cdo_pt = entry"); { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [300, 250] }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '1666926', position: 'btf' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [120, 600] }}, Twelve chapters examine environmental deficiency and toxicity, and cover: volcanic emissions; radon; arsenic; Expert dental opinion is that the benefit of. googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); pbjs.setConfig(pbjsCfg); googletag.pubads().set("page_url", "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/fluoride"); }; If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}, 2. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [300, 50] }}, googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(false); Fluoride is a compound found in fluorine and added to public water supplies in order to fight dental cavities. Adding a few leaves of this tulsi into your water has been shown to reduce fluoride concentration. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971063', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, However, in 2012, researchers from Harvard University in Cambridge, MA, cast doubts on the health benefits of fluoride in water supplies. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("sfr", "cdo_dict_english"); { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971081', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, The Cambridge Water Department maintains a target fluoride level of 0.7 milligrams per Liter (mg/L) or parts per million (ppm) in the drinking water as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and several other prominent organizations. Published 22 March 2018 From: {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [320, 50], [300, 50]] } }, Bacteria, nitrates, and fluoride can exist in well water at some level. if(pl_p) { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195467', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}]}]; The strong position taken by the CDC, one of the world’s leading public health institutions, is important to understanding Cambridge Water Department’s addition of fluoride to reduce tooth decay and promote community public health. There is a fee to have your water tested for fluoride. googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654174' }}, Testing for bacteria is free and is funded by Public Health Ontario. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_tc", "resp"); 19 The bacterial count was derived from 100 mL of each water sample passed through a filter (0.45-µm … { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654156' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971063', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, 'increment': 0.5, For fluoride, 4.0 parts per million is the Maximum Contaminant Level Goal, the level below which there is no known or expected risk to health. The fluoride levels were measured by the standard method for measuring fluoride level in water as recommended by the Environmental Protection Agency (Washington, DC), using an ion-selective electrode (Expandable Ion Analyzer EA920; Orion Research Incorporated, Cambridge, Mass). We do not operate any enhanced fluoridation schemes. // FIXME: (temporary) - send ad requests only if PlusPopup is not shown { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb50ce0007', pos: 'cdo_topslot_mobile_flex' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot_flex' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654208' }}, Testing for nitrates or fluoride is $17 each. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, It can help prevent tooth decay, which is why it's added to many brands of toothpaste and, in some areas, to the water supply through a process called fluoridation. 'min': 8.50, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, var mapping_houseslot_b = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([963, 0], []).addSize([0, 0], [300, 250]).build(); ga('require', 'displayfeatures'); expires: 60 { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346693' }}, "authorization": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/info?rid=READER_ID&url=CANONICAL_URL&ref=DOCUMENT_REFERRER&type=ENTRY_TRANSLATE&v1=english&v2=fluoride&v3=&v4=english&_=RANDOM", { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '705055' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, ... Fluoride balance studies on infants in a 1-ppm-water-fluoride area. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_leftslot_160x600' }}, New Mouth information on oral health and dentistry: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets fluoride standards to guard drinking water safety. The Cambridge Water Department decreased the target fluoride concentration in the city’s drinking water from 1 milligram of fluoride per liter of water to the recommended 0.7 milligrams of fluoride per liter of water on Sept. 16. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [160, 600] }}, Fluoride Treatments By Cambridge Dentists. iasLog("criterion : cdo_c = " + ["beauty_health_fitness"]); { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '387233' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '541042770', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, partner: "uarus31" { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '387232' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_HDX' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '19042093' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195467', size: [320, 100] }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446382' }}, addPrebidAdUnits(pbAdUnits); {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, Improve your vocabulary with English Vocabulary in Use from Cambridge.Learn the words you need to communicate with confidence. 'min': 31, There is more fluoride in Cambridge water than the proposed new guideline of 0.7 parts per million, annual water quality reports for 2011, 2012 and 2013 show. }); { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, ‘It is absolutely clear that at doses used in New Zealand to adjust the natural level to one that is consistent with beneficial effects (0.7–1.0ppm), there is no risk from fluoride in the water.’ { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '541042770', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, xv var pbMobileHrSlots = [ { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195465', size: [300, 250] }}, }); { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '194852', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, Aluminium and fluoride in drinking water in relation to later dementia risk - Volume 216 Issue 1. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot' }}, "authorizationFallbackResponse": { The city of Cambridge has decreased the target fluoride concentration in Cambridge drinking water by 30 percent, in accordance with new federal guidance.. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971081', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot_flex' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_300x250' }}, This past April, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services lowered its recommended level of fluoride in drinking water for the first time in … var pbDesktopSlots = [ { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971065', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_topslot_728x90' }}, xiii Health Canada has determined that the optimal concentration of fluoride in drinking water for dental health is 0.7 mg/L. 'max': 36, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654157' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195466', size: [728, 90] }}, { iasLog("criterion : sfr = cdo_dict_english"); Fluoride works by strengthening the tooth enamel making teeth stronger and more resistant to acid attacks from plaque bacteria and sugars in the mouth. The Drinking Water Inspectorate, which monitors drinking water in England and Wales, checks that supplies don’t contain more than 1.5 mg of fluoride per litre of water. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_btmslot' }}]}]; { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446382' }}, googletag.enableServices(); }, Appointments can be made by phone at 617-349-4770 or by … bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776130', position: 'btf' }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346688' }}, Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [300, 600] }}, type: "cookie", Until recently. 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